Am I Personally Responsible for the Taxes Owed On My Business?


The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) uses a basic logic that if you have any signing authority over the business bank account, then you can be held personally responsible for certain taxes owed by that business.  So, yes, if you own a business or part of a business, be prepared to pay certain accrued taxes. This is especially true if you have a sole proprietorship. Additionally, no matter what type of business you own or owned, you also need to be careful when it comes to taxes that you should have paid as an employer – for example, the necessary taxes you pay to the government for your employees (social security, etc.). These can later be assessed as “civil penalties” which you are personally responsible for, even if the business later dissolves.

Taxes Owed on Business | Filling Out Paperwork

The general rule when it comes to taxes is that the government – state or federal – almost always gets paid.

What if you have dissolved the company?  Unfortunately, dissolving a business will not eliminate any tax debt or liability.  Even filing bankruptcy will not take care of all taxes.  Generally speaking, the only time taxes may be wiped out in a bankruptcy is if they were filed three years prior to the bankruptcy filing date.  The civil penalties mentioned above are also taxes that you can be personally responsible for even if the business has been dissolved.

If you owe a large amount to the government for taxes and are having a hard time coming to terms for a payment plan with the IRS, you may want to look into filing a Chapter 13 bankruptcy, which is a structured repayment plan.  This will keep the penalties from accruing and enlarging your original balance owed.

If your business is still operational, you may look into reorganizing your business debt in a Chapter 11 bankruptcy.

The bottom line is that even though you can still be held personally responsible for certain business taxes, you are not limited to repaying your taxes outside of bankruptcy. Certain types of bankruptcy may actually be a better alternative for you when it comes to setting up a repayment plan.

What Should I Expect at a Workers’ Compensation Mediation?

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In North Carolina, if a party to a workers’ compensation case, such as an injured worker or an employer/insurance company, has requested a hearing in front of the North Carolina Industrial Commission by filing a Form 33, a mediation is required by state law.  However, if an agreement or settlement is reached by all parties before the mediation, the mediation is not necessary. Sometimes, the parties agree to an informal mediation between themselves.

The purpose of the mediation is for the parties to come together, with the assistance of an approved mediator, and try to settle the matter without the cost and expense of a formal hearing in front of a deputy commissioner, who is similar to a judge.

The mediation is usually in one of the attorney’s offices. Unless waived by the parties, all interested persons must attend the mediation.  The mediation is usually held in the county where the injury occurred. The mediator’s responsibility is to try to assist the parties to come to a compromised agreement between themselves that would “settle” the case. The mediator is usually an attorney with years of experience mediating cases. The mediator is an unbiased attorney who works for neither side and has no stake in the outcome of the case.  The mediator is usually paid on an hourly basis.  Currently the hourly rate for a mediator is usually $125-350 per hour.

One main purpose of the mediation is to determine through mediation what final settlement amount (known as a “clincher”) is to be paid to the injured worker as a full and final settlement of the claim.  The clincher is usually the goal of both parties. The mediation’s main purpose is to determine what that clincher dollar amount will be.
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The mediation usually begins with the mediator bringing the injured worker, their attorney, and the employer/insurance company and their attorney into a room to discuss the merits of each party’s claim.  The attorney for the injured worker gives a small presentation about the injury and the medical cost, etc. Usually if the employer’s insurance company has accepted the injured worker’s claim, the exact medical cost and disability rating is an accepted fact by all parties.  Usually the medical cost has already been paid by the employer’s insurance company.

Next, the employer’s attorney will make a small statement about the injuries to the worker. The “compensation rate” of the employee is usually agreed to by the parties.

The mediator will divide the parties into separate rooms.  The mediator will go into each room and discuss the merits and weaknesses of each party’s case. Usually the injured worker will make the first initial dollar amount offer to “clinch” or settle the case. The mediator will usually take this offer to the employer/insurance company for consideration.  This amount is usually more that the employer is willing to pay.  The employer will counter with a lower offer. The mediator will present this offer to the injured worker.  No surprise, this amount is usually lower than the injured worker is willing to accept.  The mediator goes back and forth between the parties, adjusting the dollar amounts each party is willing to accept.  This may take several hours or several days.
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Hopefully, each party will finally agree to a mutual dollar amount, somewhere in the middle, that each party can accept. It is normal for both parties to feel they have been treated unfairly and are paying too much or not being paid enough. The goal of mediation is to settle the matter.  Neither party will walk away completely happy, but both parties are usually concerned that if they do not settle the case during mediation, then they may do far worse at a hearing.  As the old saying goes, “a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.”

Most mediations end with a clincher.  In the event the parties cannot come to a settlement at mediation, the mediator will declare an “impasse.”  At this time, unless the parties can come to a settlement later, a hearing will be scheduled before a deputy commissioner.  This is similar to a court trial. The deputy commissioner will make a decision on the merits of the case.
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Want To Know What It’s Like To Be Harassed By A Creditor? Real Phone Call

Many of those who are facing financially tough times right now are stressed out even more by creditors who call non-stop. Creditors push the boundaries on what they may and may not do to collect a debt.

For example, here is a voicemail a client of ours emailed us the other day. Our client allowed us to post this voicemail so others could see they are not alone with the constant and harassing phone calls.

After receiving the voicemail we called the number back and spoke with someone with the company. They explained they didn’t know our client had filed bankruptcy. However, we confirmed their mailing address was accurate and explained we had previously sent proper notice of the bankruptcy. We then let them know they were violating the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act and any further attempt to collect on this debt would be met with a motion for sanctions.

They told me they didn’t do anything illegal and, after explaining I had a recording of the voicemail, they hung up on us. Before doing so, they explained they would notate in their system that our client had filed bankruptcy and she would not be contacted again. To date, she hasn’t received another call.

Regardless, this phone call shows some creditors will do whatever it takes to collect on debts. If you believe a debt collector is overstepping the boundaries let them know that they are violating the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act. It is important to keep detailed notes about who you spoke with (including their identification information), what time they called and what they said. Without this information it is difficult to be successful in a motion for sanctions against the creditor.

Are Non-ERISA 403(b) Plans Protected in Bankruptcy?

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Can Bankruptcy Lower My Mortgage On A Non-Residential Piece of Property?

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Yes, in some cases, you can lower your mortgage on a non-residential piece of property.   In a Chapter 13 bankruptcy, clients can attempt to do what is known as a “cramdown” to lower their mortgage.  A “cramdown” lowers the principal amount you owe on the mortgage, and then the bankruptcy court determines the interest rate of your new mortgage (often lower than many client’s current interest rate).

Happy family in front of houseThis technique can only be used if, first, the house is not your main residence but is, instead, some type of investment property.  Secondly, the value of the house must be less than the amount you still owe on the mortgage. In other words, you must be upside down on the investment property.  Only then, may a Chapter 13 bankruptcy “cramdown” the loan to make it equal to the current market value of the house.

So what happens to the amount that is crammed down? Let’s take a look.

If you initially owed $200,000 on the home and within the Chapter 13 bankruptcy the mortgage was crammed down to $150,000, the value of the property, then that $50,000 deficiency balance doesn’t just go away. Instead, the deficiency balance is converted into an unsecured debt.  In a Chapter 13 bankruptcy the deficiency balance is treated the same as credit cards, medical bills and unsecured personal loans. That’s a good thing because within a Chapter 13 bankruptcy you will usually pay back some portion of the entire debt. In many cases clients will pay back less than 20% of the unsecured debt (although it varies in every case) which means in our example above $40,000 would be completely wiped out in your mortgage alone.

So what’s the catch? The biggest drawback of a “cramdown” is you have to pay off the new mortgage balance within the time frame of your Chapter 13 bankruptcy plan.  This means you would have to pay off the entire mortgage balance within your 60 month (or less) Chapter 13 plan.  This could mean you have fairly high Chapter 13 plan payments while within the bankruptcy.

If you are interested in learning more about how to “cramdown” a piece of non-residential property in a bankruptcy then be sure to contact an experienced bankruptcy lawyer in your area.
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Do I Have To List My Business Assets on My Personal Bankruptcy?

This is an excellent question.  For the most part, our bankruptcy clients who have businesses fall into two categories. The first category consists of those who feel as though they and their business are “one” entity. The second category consists of those who feel as though their business is a completely separate entity. Often, when clients drop their paperwork off at our office and we question what business assets exist, clients will reply, “Well, that doesn’t belong to me, that belongs to my business.”  So the real question is: what needs to be listed as assets in your bankruptcy and what does not?

Technically, ALL of your assets need to be listed.  Therefore, going back to our previous blog post on whether or not tools are protected we can examine debtor-owned businesses based upon the same scenarios.  Let’s use the example of Joe Blow’s Lawn Care.  Joe owns Joe Blow’s Lawn Care.  The lawn mower, rakes, blower, hedgers, etc. all belong to Joe. If he decided to no longer run the company next week, the only difference would be that the tools would move from his truck to his garage at home. These tools would need to be listed in Joe’s personal property and protected by the exemption known as “Tools of the Trade” as long as Joe is using them in his business. If Joe were to be sued, he would need to protect those tools as he would any other asset (such as a bank account or vehicle) he has from seizure.

Referring back to the same situation as discussed in the previous blog post, let’s use the scenario that Joe went to the Secretary of State and registered his company as a corporation.  Now Joe Blow’s Lawn Care, Inc. is the owner of the tools.  Even though the company at this point in time owns the tools, let us not forget that in the end scheme of things the debtor owns the company.  That company is an asset in itself; therefore the tools would be listed on the business balance sheet, included as an asset and the Joe’s portion of equity from the corporation must be listed in the bankruptcy and protected.

Regardless of how large or small, the court looks as personal assets all in the same; they need to be listed and at least attempted to be protected in the bankruptcy.  Again, it goes back to the confusing question of how the business should be treated for bankruptcy purposes.  Since businesses can get quite complicated at times, we strongly suggest that you thoroughly discuss your business and any other assets you or your business may have with your attorney so they may advise you properly to ensure your assets are protected.

Do My Taxes Have To Be Filed Before Filing for Bankruptcy?

You will notice when you are filling out your paperwork that the court asks you for what seems to be a billion pieces of documentation ranging from copies of bills, papers from purchases, income advices and federal and state taxes.  These documents are asked for to verify information you are providing is true and accurate. … Read more

What Is A Summary Judgment?

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If a creditor were to sue you for a debt owed, eventually they may try to obtain a judgment against you. There are two main ways we see clients usually end up getting judgments against them. The first way is by a default judgment. This basically means you never answered the complaint and, therefore, the judge will automatically issue a ruling against you.

Another common way someone may obtain a judgment against you is if the judge issues a summary judgment. As Rule 56 of the North Carolina General Statutes explains, in order for a summary judgment to be issued there must be “no genuine issue of material fact”. This means there are no disputed claims or facts in the case. The theory of summary judgment is that it will help to avoid unnecessary litigation in the courtroom.

If the judge believes there are material facts that are contested then they would deny the summary judgment. If the judge agrees with the moving party and grants the motion for summary judgment, the judgment is then placed against you with no need for a trial. Whether or not the judgment entered is a default judgment or a summary judgment, you as the debtor are required by law to pay that debt.
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