Is Family Support Considered Income for Bankruptcy?

If you are considering filing bankruptcy, I am sure that you have been researching what types of bankruptcy are common and what they may involve. Upon doing your research, I am sure that you have seen the word “qualify” a good number of times.  “How do I qualify?  Is it not enough that I can’t pay my bills?!?!” one might say, but indeed you must meet income qualifications which have a major impact on which ever bankruptcy you choose to file. What is considered income you may ask? The most common type of income is a salary or wages you earn from employment.

Mother and Daughter

Many people going through financially tough times will get support from their family and friends. So, with that said, is family support considered income for bankruptcy? Yes. If you receive financial support from family on a regular basis it is also considered income and must be included in your budget. Just because it’s not reported to the IRS or State when you file your taxes, doesn’t mean it’s not considered income in your bankruptcy.

Here are some other kinds of income that must be included in your bankruptcy:

Unemployment compensation

Babysitting/Side jobs

Child Support

Alimony

Self Employment

SSI (Social Security Income)

Retirement/Pensions

Retirement/Pension withdrawals

Sales of stock

Rental income

Money received for room and board (support from a roommate)

I Recently Financed a Purchase, Can I File Bankruptcy?

If you recently financed a purchase, e.g., a home, car, furniture or appliance, you should definitely speak with your attorney.  Any purchase made within the 90 days prior to filing bankruptcy may be considered a fraudulent transaction.  Depending on the amount of the purchase or how the funds were obtained to finance the purchase, the Court and/or your creditors could argue there was fraudulent intent even beyond the 90 days.

Family in Front of House

There are several things the Court may consider when someone purchases an asset shortly before filing bankruptcy:

Was the purchase for a necessity? If you financed a vehicle because your previous car had a major mechanical problem and needed costly repairs, you may be able to explain why it was necessary to make the purchase shortly before filing bankruptcy.  The same may be true if an appliance, e.g. your refrigerator, stopped working.

Was the type of purchase reasonable? Did you purchase a used 2006 Honda Odyssey or did you purchase a new 2011 Hummer?  You needed a vehicle large enough for your family of five, but you must use the reasonable test.  The 2006 Honda will probably serve your family’s needs and be a bit more economical than the 2011 Hummer.

Was the financing completed with a legal process? This is best demonstrated with two examples.

If you went to your local dealership and obtained financing, you will probably have no problems with the financing following all of the legal steps.  The only question for this type of financing is whether the dealership and their finance company should have known you were insolvent, bankrupt, at the time they provided the loan to you.  This is an issue that could be played out in the bankruptcy court, but in most cases is not an issue.

If your brother-in-law gave you a $10,000 loan to purchase that used car and did not put a lien on the title of the vehicle, you and your brother-in-law will have some concerns and issues after you file bankruptcy.  Without a valid lien on the title, the loan is not considered a “secured” loan but an “unsecured” loan.  In other words, your brother-in-law cannot legally repossess the vehicle if you fail to make payments to him.  In your bankruptcy, he would be treated like a credit card or medical bill and paid nothing or only a percentage of the amount owed to him depending on the type of bankruptcy you file.  In addition, you may not be able to fully protect the equity in the vehicle.  In that situation, the bankruptcy Trustee could actually sell the car and use the proceeds to pay your creditors.  Needless to say, you or your brother-in-law will be happy with this outcome.

How was the asset purchased? If you recently purchased an asset and charged it on a credit card, you may be required to repay the debt.  If you used a credit card to purchase that $10,000 car with hopes of discharging or eliminating the debt in bankruptcy, you should think again.  Any purchase on a credit card will be reviewed, but any large purchase will most certainly be scrutinized by the credit card company and their attorney.  You can expect a lawsuit in bankruptcy, also known as an adversary proceeding, to be filed against you by the credit card company.  They will argue this debt should not be eliminated in bankruptcy and they will most likely win that argument.  Similarly, if you decided to remodel your home and purchase new stainless steel appliances on your credit card, that debt will most likely not be eliminated.  You may even find that the credit card used to purchase those items is considered a secured creditor.

Was the purchase used to protect an otherwise unprotected asset in bankruptcy? This approach is most often taken by someone who thinks he or she understands the implications of filing bankruptcy.  Again, an example is the best way to explain.  A person had $20,000 in stock that could not be protected in bankruptcy.  Rather than lose the stock, the person decided to cash out the stock and use it as a down payment on a new home.  Now the $20,000 of stock is invested in the home.  It is no longer an unprotected asset, since the person can use his homestead exemption, currently $35,000 for an individual and $70,000 for a couple in North Carolina, to protect the equity in his home.  But not so fast, the person must disclose the sale of an asset within two years of the bankruptcy filing.  Failure to disclose the sale of the stock within the two years would most likely be discovered on review of the person’s tax returns.  Needless to say, the Court would almost certainly see this as an attempt to defraud or perjury if it were not listed on the bankruptcy filing.

Not all purchases financed shortly before filing bankruptcy are problematic, some are for legitimate reasons.  However, you should expect any purchases financed within three to six months of filing bankruptcy to be scrutinized.  This timeframe could be for even longer if the assets purchased were for large dollar amounts or items not necessarily considered a necessity.  You should obviously discuss any recent purchases with your attorney.

 

Greensboro Bankruptcy Lawyers Still See Slumping Economy Despite Better Numbers

Greensboro, NC | Bankruptcy LawyersAlthough national bankruptcy filings increased 9% in 2010, North Carolina bankruptcy filings were more varied – filings increased in some parts of the state while they decreased in others.

In the Middle District of North Carolina, there was a decrease of approximately 4.6% – there were 7,170 filings in 2010, compared to the 7,521 filings in 2009. The Middle District of North Carolina includes Winston-Salem, Greensboro, and Durham (and areas in between).

Within the Middle District of North Carolina, cases for bankruptcy in Greensboro, NC were down 4.9%. In 2010, there were 2,389 cases, compared to 2,513 in 2009.

Cases for bankruptcy in Winston-Salem, NC (also in the Middle District) were down 8.6% in 2010, with 2,430 cases filed compared to 2,660 in 2009.

On the other hand, in the Western District of North Carolina, there was an increase in bankruptcy filings of approximately 2.5% in 2010. The Western District of North Carolina includes Asheville, Bryson City, Charlotte, Shelby, and Wilkesboro (and areas in between).

While it is surprising that there is such a difference in the bankruptcy filing trends between two areas that are so geographically close, there are likely reasons for the difference. For example, the job market may be slightly improving in the Middle District while there may be no improvement in the Western District. Additionally, the housing market trends may be more positive in the Middle District areas while there may be ongoing housing difficulties in the Western District cities and towns.

If you are in the Greensboro, Winston-Salem, or High Point areas and are considering filing bankruptcy, contact Duncan Law for a free, no strings attached consultation to learn more.

How Long Do I Have to Leave My House After Filing Bankruptcy?

How Do I Get Financing for a Vehicle After Bankruptcy?

Often, when a person files bankruptcy, they are in one of four situations regarding a vehicle:

They are behind on their payments and must surrender the car (this usually happens in a Chapter 7 bankruptcy).

They drive an older vehicle that is paid off.

They are borrowing a friend or family member’s vehicle.

They are current on their payments and are able to keep their car in a Chapter 7 bankruptcy or they are able to catch up on the payments in a Chapter 13 bankruptcy.

If you fall into the first three categories, odds are, not too long after your bankruptcy is complete, you will need to purchase a new vehicle. Unfortunately, most people do not have enough extra money to pay cash for a reliable vehicle. Instead, they must look at financing an automobile.

Male'­s hand writing in the document

If you need to finance a vehicle, you should wait until your bankruptcy has been discharged. If you can, you should then wait a few months and be sure that you pay all of your bills on time – even your utility bills. This will help you to begin rebuilding your credit.

When you are ready to look into financing, be sure to “shop around” at various dealerships to get competitive interest rates and prices. With the ability to do research online many of our clients have had a lot of success by shopping around online. You have the ability to contact a countless number of financing companies to see what opportunities they can provide for you.

 

Do not look at brand new vehicles – instead, you should be looking at two or three year old vehicles that are new to you. This will help to dramatically reduce your purchase price.

Do not be surprised if you receive an interest rate between 13-20% after your bankruptcy, simply as a result of your bankruptcy filing. One way to compensate for a higher interest rate is to look at vehicles with a lower purchase price – you must ensure that you can afford the monthly payment in your budget. For more on monthly budgeting, look at our budgeting after bankruptcy series.

The biggest thing to keep in mind when obtaining financing for a vehicle after bankruptcy is that you want a reasonable and dependable vehicle – one that you can truly afford, not necessarily the nicest, newest vehicle on the lot. That can come in time after you are able to get a lower interest rate.

Bankruptcy Lawyers in Charlotte, NC Area See 6% Increase in Filings

Charlotte NC SkylineThe decline in the national economy is reflected by an increase in personal bankruptcy filings in 2010. However, in North Carolina, bankruptcy filings increased in some parts of the state while they decreased in other areas of the state.

In 2010, national filings were up 9% from 2009. In 2010, there were 1,530,078 consumer bankruptcy filings, an increase from the 1,407,788 consumer filings in 2009.

At the local level across North Carolina, the number of bankruptcy filings in 2010 varied.

In the Western District of North Carolina, there were 8,450 new bankruptcy filings in 2010, up from the 8,238 filings in 2009 – an increase of approximately 2.5%. The Western District of North Carolina includes Asheville, Bryson City, Charlotte, Shelby, and Wilkesboro (and areas in between).

Specifically within the Western District of North Carolina, bankruptcy cases filed in Charlotte, NC were up approximately 5.7% in 2010, with 3,839 cases filed. In 2009, there were 3,631 new bankruptcy cases filed in the Charlotte division. These numbers reflect the ongoing financial difficulties that families are facing in the Charlotte area. Many of these bankruptcy filings were a direct result of a job loss or pay cut.

Within the Middle District of North Carolina, which includes Winston-Salem, Greensboro, and Durham (and areas in between), bankruptcy filings decreased 4.9% in 2010.

Why the difference in two sections of the state so geographically close? It is likely because of the varying job availability and varying housing markets. The housing markets are different from county to county. While people in the Charlotte area may be choosing to file Chapter 13 bankruptcy to stay in their homes and avoid foreclosure, the trend in Greensboro may be to not try to save the home and to instead surrender the home and later file bankruptcy. However, folks in the Greensboro area who are simply walking away from their homes will eventually be harassed and possibly sued by the mortgage company for any remaining balance due on the home. At this point, those individuals will need to file bankruptcy to eliminate their responsibility on the debt.

If you are in the Charlotte area and are considering bankruptcy, contact Duncan Law for a free, no strings attached consultation to learn more.

Who Is Considered A Dependent In Bankruptcy?

Boy Holding HandsA dependent is an individual who requires and is actually receiving financial support from the debtor on a regular basis. This is usually children, grandchildren or an elderly family member. Generally, if you provide more than half of that person?s support, that person is considered your dependent.

When it comes to bankruptcy, the rules relating to whether or not a person can be claimed as your dependent are complex. There are various opinions on this topic and often times are determined on a case to case basis. Some Courts determine who is a dependent on the basis of who qualifies under the IRS standards while others use different standards. Most of the time, if they are considered dependents on your taxes the the bankruptcy courts will also consider them dependents.

The number of dependents you have is important in bankruptcy filings because it plays an important role in your Means Test calculations. Properly determining who is or is not a dependent may mean the difference between filing a Chapter 7 bankruptcy or having to file a Chapter 13 bankruptcy.

If you are uncertain as to whether an individual qualifies as your dependent, your best bet would be to consult with your bankruptcy attorney.

Does Your HELOC (Home Equity Line of Credit) Have You Locked?

A few years ago when your home had equity, you obtained a Home Equity Line of Credit or HELOC to consolidate your debt and payoff credit cards, medical bills, personal loans, etc.  It seemed like a great idea because you could eliminate all of your revolving debt and make only two payments each month…your first mortgage and your HELOC payment.  This approach also provided a way to lower your monthly payment, since the interest rate on the HELOC was less than what you were paying on credit cards.  And we all thought at that time your home would appreciate in value!

Family Walking Holding HandsThat was circa 2008 and here you are in today.  You are lucky if your home is worth what you owe on the first mortgage, there’s no way will it will cover the HELOC.  So your HELOC has you locked!  What are your options?

Do absolutely nothing – You can see what is the HELOC creditor is going to do.

The HELOC creditor could foreclose on your home but probably not, since they would receive little if anything from the sale.  However, your credit will be negatively impacted because of late, slow or no payments on the HELOC.  The impact on your credit will make it difficult for you to obtain other credit for another car or other needs.

The HELOC creditor may actually decide to foreclose on the property.  They know they will receive little or nothing from the foreclosure, but they can write-off the bad loan from their books making the company more financially sound.

The HELOC creditor may write-off the debt on the loan and send a 1099C to you and the Internal Revenue Service.  It appears that this voluntary non-payment is excluded from the Mortgage Forgiveness Debt Relief Act of 2007.  At this point you will be responsible for taxes on the forgiven debt.  You should also remember that the creditor writing off the debt does not eliminate the lien by deed of trust on your home.  If you try to sell the house in the future, you must still deal with the HELOC creditor before you can convey the deed to another person.

Sell the home – You would sell the home, but you can’t get enough to pay the first mortgage and the HELOC.

You’ve talked to the HELOC creditor about a short-sale, and they want you to come to the closing table with at least some money to pay them.

Since you don’t have the money at closing, they have agreed to release the lien for you to sell the house, but they want you to sign an unsecured loan on at least a portion of the debt you owe them.  That is an option, but do you really want to pay for a house you do not own?  If you default on this unsecured loan in the future, they can actually sue you for the unpaid debt.

Chapter 13 bankruptcy – You can file a Chapter 13 bankruptcy to resolve the HELOC and any other outstanding debt.

The key is that your first mortgage must be greater than the value of your home.

You will be required to file a lawsuit or adversary proceeding in bankruptcy against the HELOC creditor.

You must complete your bankruptcy and receive a discharge.

This approach will allow you to retain your home and make it a more valuable asset, since you will no longer be saddled with the HELOC.

We you speak with your accountant or a bankruptcy attorney to determine what option is best for you.